Individual-level transitions between chronic disease multimorbidity clusters and the risk of five-year mortality in longitudinal cohort of Chinese middle-aged and older adults

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Progression trajectory of older adults with multimorbidity (a) and the proportion of individuals transferred between clusters (b). Five multimorbidity clusters were named as osteoarticular multimorbidity (“Arth”), cardiometabolic multimorbidity (“Cardm”), multisystem complex pattern (“Compx”), digestive multimorbidity (“Digst”), and respiratory multimorbidity (“Resp”). For (a), the height of each box and the thickness of the connecting stripes in the figure are proportional to the cluster sizes and the number of individuals migrating from each cluster, respectively. Note: Participants were divided into five patterns based on conditions at baseline: osteoarticular multimorbidity (“Arth”), cardiometabolic multimorbidity (“Cardm”), multisystem complex pattern (“Compx”), digestive multimorbidity (“Digst”), and respiratory multimorbidity (“Resp”)

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  Fig. 2. Associations between multimorbidity cluster progression and all-cause mortality risk among middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Note: Participants were divided into five patterns based on conditions at baseline: osteoarticular multimorbidity (“Arth”), cardiometabolic multimorbidity (“Cardm”), multisystem complex pattern (“Compx”), digestive multimorbidity (“Digst”), and respiratory multimorbidity (“Resp”).Partially-adjusted model was adjusted for age and gender. Fully-adjusted model was adjusted for all controllers. *P < 0.1, **P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001

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  Fig. 3. Heat maps based on the associations (hazard ratios) of the cumulative characteristics and multimorbidity pattern combination with the outcomes. Note: Participants were divided into five patterns based on conditions at baseline: osteoarticular multimorbidity (“Arth”), cardiometabolic multimorbidity (“Cardm”), multisystem complex pattern (“Compx”), digestive multimorbidity (“Digst”), and respiratory multimorbidity (“Resp”). *P < 0.1, **P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001

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  Fig. 4. Associations between chronic disease cumulative characteristics and all-cause mortality by multimorbidity transition trajectory among middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Note: Participants were divided into five patterns based on conditions at baseline: osteoarticular multimorbidity (“Arth”), cardiometabolic multimorbidity (“Cardm”), multisystem complex pattern (“Compx”), digestive multimorbidity (“Digst”), and respiratory multimorbidity (“Resp”). Partially-adjusted model was adjusted for age and gender. Solid black line: Estimated hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) shaded in gray. Orange density curve: Distribution of the predictor variable in the study population. Fully-adjusted model was adjusted for all controllers. *P < 0.1, **P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001