February 3, 2020BMC Complementary Medicine and TherapiesOpen Access

Mechanism of tanshinones and phenolic acids from Danshen in the treatment of coronary heart disease based on co-expression network

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Why the study?

Tanshinones and phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza are confirmed for the treatment of coronary heart disease, but their action mechanisms remain elusive.

Structured PICO

Population

In silico model using gene expression profile of coronary heart disease (GEO GSE42148, 13 disease samples) and protein-protein interaction databases

Intervention

Tanshinones and phenolic acids from Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza)

Outcome

Co-expression protein interaction networks (Ce-PIN) and gene ontology enrichment pathways

Tanshinones and phenolic acids from Danshen synergistically treat coronary heart disease through different targets within the same biological processes, such as blood circulation and immune response.

Limitations

Constructed network was not fully connected due to unclear human protein interactions
Further experiments are needed to confirm the conclusions

Implication

Distinguishes tanshinone versus phenolic acid targets in CHD via Ce-PIN; hypothesis-generating and requires experimental validation.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The tanshinones and phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza (also named Danshen) have been confirmed for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD), but the action mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS: In the current study, the co-expression protein interaction network (Ce-PIN) was used to illustrate the differences between the tanshinones and phenolic acids of Danshen in the treatment of CHD. By integrating the gene expression profile data and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) data, the Ce-PINs of tanshinones and phenolic acids were constructed. Then, the Ce-PINs were analyzed by gene ontology enrichment analyzed based on the optimal algorithm. RESULTS: It turned out that Danshen is able to treat CHD by regulating the blood circulation, immune response and lipid metabolism. However, phenolic acids may regulate the blood circulation by Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), Endothelin-1 receptor (EDNRA), Endothelin-1 receptor (EDNRB), Kininogen-1 (KNG1), tanshinones may regulate the blood circulation by Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 (GUCY1A3) and Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 (GUCY1B3). In addition, both the phenolic acids and tanshinones may regulate the immune response or inflammation by T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 (CD4), Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (PTPRC). CONCLUSION: Through the same targets of the same biological process and different targets of the same biological process, the tanshinones and phenolic acids synergistically treat coronary heart disease.