Will AI Replace Physicians? A Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Kidney Transplantation

Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for end‐stage renal disease. As AI has developed, AI technologies have been integrated into the field of kidney transplantation. This article presents a review of recent AI applications in kidney transplantation, focusing on five key domains: imaging and pathology, pharmacokinetics, renal allocation systems, clinical outcome prediction, and molecular diagnostics. Although AI applications in kidney transplantation are now widespread, a significant gap remains between AI research and clinical implementation. Further investigations are essential to overcome existing limitations and achieve personalized kidney transplantation medicine.