Arterial hypertension and other important risk factors in the incidence of brain stroke and ami

Introduction: Arterial Hypertension (AH) is responsible for more than 10 million deaths per year worldwide and one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases is, therefore, a serious public health problem. Objective: To assess the correlation of AH with other risk factors and cardiovascular outcomes. Methods: A observational-epidemiological longitudinal study was carried out comparing patients enrolled in the service at the time of admission and after an average period of 5 years. Participants ≥18 years old, regularly monitored at the Center, up to 6 months before data collection. Demographic variables, blood pressure (BP), body mass index, risk factors, and cardiovascular outcomes were evaluated. The data were stored (Microsoft Excel) and analyzed by SPSS software. Results: 1,299 participants were studied, with a predominance of females (60.9%) and a mean age of 56.7 ± 13.1 years. Over time, there was a significant increase in a sedentary lifestyle, alcoholism, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and being overweight. Regarding cardiovascular outcomes, we observed an increase in brain stroke and myocardial revascularization and a lower frequency of chronic kidney disease (CKD). During follow-up, there were significant changes in the BP control indexes (from 29.6% to 39.6%; p = 0.001). After analyzing the Chi-Square association (X2) and the binary logistic regression analysis during the patients' admission period, the correlations between AMI and CVA with the cardiovascular risk factors were performed, obtaining p <0.05 (CI 95%) with a significant statistical association to brain stroke with all risk factors, except for SAH. To the follow-up period, p <0.05 (CI 95%) was obtained with a statistically significant association to the brain stroke with only the factors "smoking" and "sedentary lifestyle". In the same reasoning, p <0.05 (CI 95%) was obtained with a statistically significant association to AMI with only the factors "smoking" and "dyslipidemia". Regarding the follow-up period, p <0.05 (CI 95%) was obtained with a statistically significant association to AMI with only the factors “sedentary lifestyle” and “obesity”. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between hypertensive, overweight, sedentary, and diabetics. Was found a good percentage of diabetics with hypertension under control and a non-exaggerated number of myocardial infarction, brain stroke, and CKD. Also, the patient follow-up process proved to be very positive, as there was an important reduction in the contributions of risk factors to brain stroke and AMI events.