What question did this study set out to answer?

To establish the incidence, clinical presentation, and independent risk factors associated with retroperitoneal hematoma following percutaneous coronary intervention.

August 12, 2026Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Risk factors for the development of retroperitoneal hematoma after percutaneous coronary intervention in the era of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and vascular closure devices

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Female gender (OR 5.4, p=0.005), low body surface area (OR 7.1, p=0.008), and higher femoral artery puncture (OR 5.3, p=0.013) were independent predictors of retroperitoneal hematoma after PCI.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case-Control. Population: Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (n=3508). Intervention: Female gender, low body surface area, and higher femoral artery puncture vs. Patients without these risk factors. Primary outcome: Retroperitoneal hematoma (RPH) (OR 5.4, p=0.005).

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Key result

Female sex, low BSA, and higher femoral puncture are linked to post-PCI retroperitoneal hematoma.

OR 5.4
P=0.005
n=3,508

Why the study?

Do female gender, low body surface area, and higher femoral puncture increase the risk of retroperitoneal hematoma in patients undergoing PCI?

Population

3,508 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention between January 2000 and January…

Comparison

Risk factors including female gender, low body… vs Patients without retroperitoneal hematoma (n=50)

Design

Case-control

Follow-up

In-hospital

Authors

HFH.M. Omar FarouqueThe University of Sydney JTJennifer A. TremmelInterventional / Structural Cardiology FSFarshad Raissi ShabariUniversity of San Diego

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Female gender, low body surface area, and higher femoral artery puncture are significant independent risk factors for retroperitoneal hematoma after PCI, whereas closure devices and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are not.

Key Points

To establish the incidence, clinical presentation, and independent risk factors associated with retroperitoneal hematoma following percutaneous coronary intervention.
Retrospective case-control analysis of 3,508 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention between January 2000 and January 2004.
Identified 26 cases of retroperitoneal hematoma and compared them against 50 randomly selected control patients without the complication.
Retroperitoneal hematoma occurred at an incidence of 0.74% (26 of 3,508 patients), commonly manifesting with hypotension (92%), diaphoresis (58%), groin pain (46%), and a hematocrit drop of 11.5 ± 5.1 points versus 2.3 ± 3.3 in controls (p < 0.0001).
Independent predictors of retroperitoneal hematoma included female sex (OR 5.4, p = 0.005), low body surface area (<1.73 m²; OR 7.1, p = 0.008), and a higher femoral artery puncture site (OR 5.3, p = 0.013).
Arterial sheath size, use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and vascular closure device deployment were not significantly associated with developing a hematoma.

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=3,508)

Structured PICO

Do female gender, low body surface area, and higher femoral puncture increase the risk of retroperitoneal hematoma in patients undergoing PCI?

Population

3,508 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, from which 26 cases of retroperitoneal hematoma were compared to 50 randomly selected controls.

Exposure

Risk factors including female gender, low body surface area, higher femoral artery puncture, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and vascular closure devices

Comparator

Patients without retroperitoneal hematoma (n=50)

Outcome

Incidence, clinical features, and risk factors for retroperitoneal hematoma (RPH)safety

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 5.4

p-value: p=0.005

Cite This Study

Farouque et al. (2005) conducted a case-control in Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (n=3,508). Female gender, low body surface area, and higher femoral artery puncture vs. Patients without these risk factors was evaluated on Retroperitoneal hematoma (RPH) (OR 5.4, p=0.005). Female gender (OR 5.4, p=0.005), low body surface area (OR 7.1, p=0.008), and higher femoral artery puncture (OR 5.3, p=0.013) were independent predictors of retroperitoneal hematoma after PCI.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7ce341939ceeb56f39b97d https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2004.10.042

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Risk factors for the development of retroperitoneal hematoma after percutaneous coronary intervention in the era of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and vascular closure devices

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Cite This Study

Risk factors for the development of retroperitoneal hematoma after percutaneous coronary intervention in the era of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and vascular closure devices

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider