Meta analysis: The relationship of mother's hand washing behavior, clean water supply and availability of latrines with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers

Diarrhea is one of the environmental-based diseases that causes morbidity and mortality.Nearly a quarter of all deaths globally can be attributed to environmental impacts on health.The high incidence of environmental-based disease cases is caused by the poor condition of basic sanitation owned by the community, especially clean water, the increase in environmental pollution, and the lack of awareness of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) by the community such as hand washing behavior.One of the factors that cause diarrheal disease is environmental factors which include water supply facilities and the availability of latrines.The differences in the results obtained in studies related to the relationship between hand washing behavior, clean water supply, and the availability of latrines with the incidence of diarrhea triggered researchers to combine related studies.This study aims to analyze and examine related studies that explain the relationship between hand washing behavior, clean water supply and the availability of latrines with the incidence of diarrhea.The method used in this study is a meta-analysis with research searches on the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases.After going through the identi􀅫ication and selection stages, 21 articles were included in the meta-analysis.Pooled Odds Ratio (POR) was calculated using a random effect model for data analysis according to the heterogeneity test using Comprehensive Meta Analysis version 3. The results showed the pOR value for the mother's hand washing behavior variable was 1.599 (CI 95% 0.953-2.682),for the variable clean water supply 1.463 (CI 95% 1.120-1.911)and for the latrine availability variable 2.249 (CI 95% 1.477-3.424).