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A tightly-coupled patch array antenna, capable of broadband operation and low profile, is proposed in this study.The antenna subarray comprises four closely-coupled square patches that rotate in sequence.An impedance matching strip is utilized to achieve broadband matching of the antenna.By configuring the subarray with various feeding phases, it is possible to achieve the switching of six polarization states.The simulated and measured results suggest that the proposed antenna demonstrates a broad impedance matching band ranging from 4.2 GHz to 5.25 GHz (22.2%) over a scanning angle span of ±45 • , while maintaining a low profile of 0.033λ0.The antenna's inherent simple structure, low profile, wide bandwidth, and favorable radiation characteristics position it as a promising option for multi-function phased array radar systems.
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Zhao et al. (2024) studied this question.
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