Finger photoplethysmography during the Valsalva maneuver reflects left ventricular filling pressure

33 adults scheduled to undergo nonemergent cardiac catheterizations, mean age 58, 22 men and 11 women. Excluded: moderate or severe aortic stenosis, moderate or severe mitral stenosis, uncontrolled hypertension, atrial fibrillation, or hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

Finger photoplethysmography (PPG) waveform recording during a Valsalva effort of 20 mmHg expiratory pressure sustained for 10 seconds to calculate Pulse Amplitude Ratio (PAR).

Invasively measured left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) via a catheter placed in the left ventricle during cardiac catheterization (reference standard).

Correlation between Pulse Amplitude Ratio (PAR) and invasively measured left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) for identifying LVEDP > 15 mmHg.surrogate