What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI-derived radiomics models in predicting pathological complete response following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

April 28, 2025Abdominal RadiologyOpen Access

MRI radiomics prediction modelling for pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Authors

JRJason RaiBicycle Therapeutics (United Kingdom)IDIoanna DramiBicycle Therapeutics (United Kingdom)EPEdward T. PringEdwards (United Kingdom)

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Implication

Systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates high accuracy of MRI radiomics in predicting complete response in rectal cancer, highlighting the superior performance of 3 T imaging.

Key Points

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI-derived radiomics models in predicting pathological complete response following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.
Systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and CDSR databases for studies published up to February 1, 2024 (PROSPERO CRD42024512865).
Assessed study risk of bias and quality using QUADAS-2 and the Radiomics Quality Score (RQS).
Calculated pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) across 35 studies (N=10,543) using a random-effects model, comparing subgroups with the Hanley & McNeil test.
MRI radiomics models predicted pathological complete response with an overall pooled AUC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.84–0.89).
Scanners with 3 T field intensity yielded a significantly higher pooled AUC of 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.94) compared to 1.5 T scanners at 0.82 (95% CI 0.80–0.83; p < 0.001).
Predictive performance was significantly higher in Asian cohorts (AUC 0.90, 95% CI 0.87–0.93) than in non-Asian cohorts (AUC 0.80, 95% CI 0.75–0.84; p < 0.001).

Cite This Study

Rai et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7d01fd97c2c6e465964a5a https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-025-04953-5

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Implication

Systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates high accuracy of MRI radiomics in predicting complete response in rectal cancer, highlighting the superior performance of 3 T imaging.

MRI radiomics prediction modelling for pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Key Points

Cite This Study

MRI radiomics prediction modelling for pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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