Recent Progress in the Strategies and Applications of Electrospinning Electroactive Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

Conductive biomaterials not only have appropriate conductivity but also usually have good antibacterial properties and photothermal effects, so they are widely used in tissue engineering scaffolds. Conductive biomaterials can conduct endogenous or exogenous electrical signals, thus affecting the growth, migration, infiltration, and differentiation of cells. An electrospun nanofiber is an ideal kind of conductive substance carrier that can mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) to further promote cell growth and migration. In this Review, we summarize the application of electrospinning electroactive tissue engineering scaffolds, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various electrospinning methods, organize the characteristics of commonly used conductive biomaterials such as polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT), carbon-based nanomaterials, and MXenes and their application in the tissue engineering field, and finally propose the application prospects and future of tissue engineering with conductive biomaterials.