Why the study?
Recent advances in noninvasive imaging and the emergence of COVID-19 have transformed clinical practice and renewed interest in myocarditis, motivating a synthesis of current understanding from diagnosis to contemporary management.
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Design
Review
May reduce biopsy reliance in suspected myocarditis; leaves open prospective validation of CMR accuracy.
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with diverse aetiologies, ranging from infections and autoimmune processes to drug-induced reactions. Clinical manifestations vary widely from mild chest discomfort to life-threatening complications such as acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock and sudden cardiac death. Although the diagnosis of myocarditis historically relied heavily on invasive biopsy, recent advances in noninvasive imaging modalities, notably cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, have transformed clinical practice. The Lake Louise Criteria (LLC), supplemented by parametric imaging techniques, have significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, the emergence of COVID-19 has renewed interest in myocarditis due to its association with viral-induced myocardial injury. This review synthesises the current understanding of myocarditis, including epidemiological insights, its diverse aetiologies, diagnostic innovations including the importance of viral load quantification and contemporary management strategies.
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A 2026 study studied this question.
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