Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Insulin Resistance in Early Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vitamin D is crucial in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, as well as in bone health, while also contributing to numerous other bodily functions. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women is very common worldwide. It is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and cesarean section. Consequences in the newborn are most often associated with low birth weight, risk of neonatal hypocalcemia,asthma, and/ or type 1 diabetes mellitus. A lack of vitamin D during pregnancy is linked to various metabolic issues, including insulin resistance. It is considered that increased body weight has a negative effect on the concentration of vitamin D. Deficiency of 25- hydroxyvitamin D has long been considered a risk factor for glucose intolerance and most likely 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D has a role in the regulation of insulin secretion.