Fetal brain five-axial planes and 3D-ICRV cerebral surface imaging from 16 to 36 weeks of gestation

Background Recent advances in fetal neurosonography have increased interest in prenatal cortical assessment. However, the transvaginal approach, while providing superior resolution, is technically complex and limited to specialized settings. Methods This study utilizes a transabdominal approach combining a five-axial-plane protocol and 3D Inversion Crystal Realistic Vue (3D-ICRV) rendering technique to evaluate fetal cortical development. Results We present high-definition ultrasound images and schematic diagrams, selected from 157 prospectively acquired volumes of 21 normal fetuses (16–36 weeks), illustrating the developmental progression of the Sylvian fissure and other primary sulci. Conclusion This pictorial guide may serve as a practical, accessible reference for sonographers and fetal medicine specialists in the assessment of fetal cerebral cortex maturation.