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The aim is to assess and compare the performance of OpenFOAM and FLOW-3D models for porous structures in coastal defense settings.

Two As-Configured CFD Models (OpenFOAM and FLOW-3D) for Free-Surface Flow Through and Around Porous Coastal Structures

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The aim is to assess and compare the performance of OpenFOAM and FLOW-3D models for porous structures in coastal defense settings.
Five hydraulic benchmarks were simulated using both OpenFOAM and FLOW-3D in their configured states.
Error components and design check scalars were analyzed for model agreement.
A total of 57 signal comparisons were conducted to evaluate model accuracy and uncertainty.
In 81% of cases, the more accurate model changes depending on the metric used.
Six out of thirteen comparisons showed differences exceeding the established uncertainty.
Shared large errors between models indicate that changing the model does not mitigate certain inaccuracies.

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Randomized trial compares outcomes of two CFD models for porous coastal structures, suggesting tailored model selection for design responses.

Lee et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Randomized trial compares outcomes of two CFD models for porous coastal structures, suggesting tailored model selection for design responses.