Comprehensive Analysis of Macrocirculation and Microcirculation in Microgravity During Parabolic Flights

FIGURE 1. Macrocirculatory parameters in the course of parabolic flights in the seated position. (A) Systolic blood pressure, (B) diastolic blood pressure, (C) heart rate, and (D) cardiac output changes during the course of a parabola in the seated position are shown. Data are presented as median and interquartile range (IQR). Significant differences between groups are shown (Friedman test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons post hoc test). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001.

FIGURE 2. Macrocirculatory parameters in the course of parabolic flights in the supine position. (A) Systolic blood pressure, (B) diastolic blood pressure, (C) heart rate, and (D) cardiac output changes during the course of a parabola in the supine position are shown. Data are presented as median and interquartile range (IQR). Significant differences between groups are shown (Friedman test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons post hoc test). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001.

FIGURE 3. Microcirculation in steady flight and acute weightlessness. Comparison of obtained parameters for normal gravity (1 G) and microgravity (0 G) for two variables of sublingual microcirculation, namely, the perfused proportion of vessels [(A) in the supine posture and (B) in the seated posture] and the total vessel density [(C) in the supine posture and (D) in the seated posture]. The test applied in statistical analysis was the Mann–Whitney test. ns, not significant.