Free carbon clusters with various selected sizes (C₂₀,C₆₀,C₉₀₀) have been deposited on different substrates to obtain continuous thin films (thickness {~}100 nm). The characterization of nanostructures and electronic structures of the films have been performed using various complementary techniques (atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). A memory effect of the free carbon cluster properties permits the synthesis of amorphous diamond or graphite films depending on the deposited incident species (C₂₀ or C₉₀₀, respectively).
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Paillard et al. (1993) studied this question.
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