Key result
Smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk (OR 2.212) of developing postoperative pulmonary complications following emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection.
Why the study?
To identify perioperative risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications after emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection and evaluate their impact on short- and long-term outcomes.
Observational (n=750)
No
Odds Ratio: 2.212 (95% CI 1.361–3.595)
p-value: p=0.001
Postoperative pulmonary complications are common after emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection and are independently predicted by smoking, prior cardiac surgery, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, and red blood cell transfusions, leading to significantly worse short- and long-term survival.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the perioperative risk factors associated with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) following emergency surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) and to evaluate the impact of these complications on short- and long-term patient outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted on 750 adult patients who underwent emergency surgery for ATAAD between January 2017 and December 2019. RESULTS: The overall in-hospital mortality was 5.7%. Among 750 patients, 91 patients(12.1%) developed PPCs. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that smoking(OR = 2.212, 95%CI: 1.361-3.595, P = 0.001), previous cardiac surgery(OR = 2.818, 95%CI: 1.259-6.310, P = 0.012), CPB time(OR = 1.003, 95%CI: 1.000-1.006, P = 0.047), and red blood cell transfusion(OR = 1.091, 95%CI: 1.059-1.124, P < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of developing PPCs. Patients who developed PPCs had a higher 30-day mortality rate (P < 0.001), longer lengths of stay in the ICU and hospital(P < 0.001), increased healthcare costs(P < 0.001), and lower long-term survival rates(P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The incidence of PPCs is high in patients undergoing cardiac surgery for aortic dissection, adversely affecting their prognosis. This study identified four key risk factors associated with the development of PPCs.
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Chen et al. (2025) conducted an observational in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) (n=750). Smoking vs. Non-smoking was evaluated on Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) (OR 2.212, 95% CI 1.361-3.595, p=0.001). Smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk (OR 2.212) of developing postoperative pulmonary complications following emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection.
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