Photoelectron Holography of a Heteronuclear Molecule

We present strong-field photoelectron holography measurements of hydrogen chloride (HCl) that resolve subcycle dynamics in two ionization channels associated with the HOMO and HOMO-1 orbitals. The holograms in the photoelectron momentum distributions show different cutoffs and interference fringes tied to orbital-specific ionization potentials. Furthermore, molecular-frame photoelectron holograms from oriented HCl exhibit pronounced asymmetries that arise from the interplay of the molecular dipole and the ionic Coulomb field. These findings establish strong-field photoelectron holography as a sensitive probe of subcycle electron wave packet dynamics in polar molecules.