The design and performance of a 19-GHz one-horn maser radiometer is discussed. The antenna is a lensed, conical horn with 3° angular resolution. The radiometer is stabilized by chopping against an internal cold load. A novel chopping scheme allows continual calibration of maser gain fluctuations with only a modest penalty in noise. The method of calibrating this instrument is described. The instrument has been used to map the sky with an equivalent blackbody temperature sensitivity of 1 mK per 3°×3° resolution element.
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Boughn et al. (1990) studied this question.
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