Applying alum sludge to field research plots appears to have had no effect on the soil, groundwater, or growth of pine trees—even after 30 months. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long‐term environmental effects of applying alum sludge to land. Investigations at the original field site included soil analysis, soil water monitoring, groundwater monitoring, and analysis of tissues from pine needles. No long‐term (30 months) effects were observed, and the authors conclude that alum coagulant sludges can be applied to forest lands at loading rates of at least 1.5 to 2.5 percent by dry weight without adverse effect.
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Geertsema et al. (1994) studied this question.
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