Cytokines are hormonal signals essential for cellular communication in immune responses. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a T- and B-lymphocyte-activating cytokine released primarily by antigen-presenting macrophages (Bendtzen 1983; Dinarello 1984). In addition to its lymphocyte-activating properties, IL-1 has a broad spectrum of other activities, including the ability to alter neuroendocrine and metabolic functions (Bendtzen 1983; Dinarello 1984).
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Rasmussen et al. (1987) studied this question.