Fe ₃ O ₄ @DMSA@GOx/DOX@RCM@FA: A ferroptosis-mediated multifunctional biomimetic nanosystem for precision theranostics in ovarian cancer

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Ovarian cancer (OC), the most lethal gynecological malignancy, has a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatments. Recent studies indicate that ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation (LPO), can significantly induce tumor cell death. Enhancing ferroptosis through external stimuli offers a promising strategy for improving patient outcomes. In prior work, we identified Fe₃O₄, doxorubicin (DOX), and glucose oxidase (GOX) as potent ferroptosis inducers. However, precise delivery of these agents remains a critical challenge. To address this, we developed a tumor-targeted nanomedicine, Fe₃O₄@DMSA@GOX/DOX@RCM@FA, and evaluated its safety, efficacy, and targeting capability in vitro and in vivo . The nanoconstruct was successfully synthesized and characterized using chemical methods. In vivo imaging demonstrated selective accumulation at tumor sites, while fluorescence microscopy confirmed high cellular uptake and robust reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation. Electron microscopy revealed hallmark ferroptotic features, including mitochondrial swelling. In tumor-bearing mice, the nanomedicine significantly suppressed tumor growth and improved 120-day survival rates. Collectively, this study presents a multifunctional ferroptosis-inducing nanoplatform with precise targeting, potent antitumor effects, and strong translational potential for OC therapy.