Application of a Phasor-Only State Estimator to a Large Power System Using Real PMU Data

This paper applies a phasor-only state estimator (PSE) to a large power system consisting of two control regions, using synchrophasor data from 56 765/345/230 kV substations. Although the technique has been previously developed, this paper describes a topology processor to determine the redundant clusters of connected buses such that the PSE can be used in real time. This PSE allows corrections for phase biases, transformer taps, and current magnitude scaling. The ability to simultaneously solve the PSE for the two control regions is due to a PMU monitoring a tie-line between these two regions. The results show that with this method, the total vector errors of the measured voltage phasor data in these two control regions average to less than 0.5% under ambient conditions. The PSE also computes virtual phasor measurements on 70 buses that do not have PMUs, including large steam generator and wind-turbine generator substations.