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Immune cells migrate throughout the body to perform immunosurveillance and to eliminate foreign microbes or cancer cells. How immune cells exert rapid and directional motility in diverse microenvironments is a great scientific question, critical for the development of therapeutic strategies against various immune related diseases such as infection, cancer, and autoimmunity. Microfabricated platforms recapitulating key biophysical and biochemical characteristics of tissues and organs that immune cells navigate are an ideal tool to address this question. In this review, we describe various microfabricated platforms developed to investigate immune cell migration under diverse microenvironments. Specifically, microfluidics generating stable gradients of biochemical signals attracting immune cells, microchannels recapitulating confined interstitial spaces, micro/nanostructure surfaces mimicking various tissue/organ topographical structures, and microfluidic chips reconstituting vascular environments are discussed.
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Kim et al. (2021) studied this question.
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