Immobilizing Pd nanoparticles on the ternary hybrid system of graphene oxide, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, and PAMAM dendrimer as an efficient support for catalyzing sonogashira coupling reaction

An alternative approach to develop a Pd catalyst based on dendrimer‐functionalized graphene oxide for C‐C cross‐coupling reactions is reported. Pd@MGO‐D‐NH 2 has been synthesized by incipient wet impregnation method. The structure of the catalyst was thoroughly characterized by a set of analytical techniques such as TEM, BET, SEM/EDS, FTIR, and elemental mapping analysis. Then, the catalytic activity of the catalyst was scrutinized for promoting sonogashira C‐C coupling reaction. The results manifested that Pd@MGO‐D‐NH 2 was able to catalyze the coupling reaction to obtain high coupling yields in short reaction time. The results of present work are hoped to aid the development of new class of heterogeneous catalysts as the high performance candidate for industrial applications.