Why the study?
Type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) is common, but specific recommendations, feasibility information, and outcome measures for cardiac rehabilitation in these patients are lacking.
Is outpatient cardiac rehabilitation safe and well-tolerated in patients with Type 2 Myocardial Infarction?
Is outpatient cardiac rehabilitation safe and well-tolerated in patients with Type 2 Myocardial Infarction?
Despite low referral rates, cardiac rehabilitation appears safe, well-tolerated, and beneficial for patients with Type 2 Myocardial Infarction based on a small case series.
Supports cardiac rehabilitation consideration in T2MI but should not change practice; leaves open confirmation in randomized trials.
BACKGROUND: Type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) is commonly encountered in clinical practice, yet little is known about this challenging condition. Outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an integral component in the care of patients with MI. However, specific recommendations for CR, information on the feasibility of participation, and outcome measures for patients with T2MI are lacking. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The frequency of T2MI is markedly variable and depends on the studied population, disease definition, adjudication process, cardiac troponin assays, and cutoff values used to make the diagnosis of T2MI. Clinically, it is difficult to distinguish T2MI from type 1 MI or myocardial injury. Type 2 myocardial infarction occurs due to myocardial oxygen supply-demand mismatch without acute atherothrombotic plaque disruption and is associated with adverse short- and long-term prognoses. Currently, there are substantial gaps in knowledge regarding T2MI and there are no clear guidelines for the optimal management of these patients. SUMMARY: In this article, we present important current concepts surrounding T2MI including the definition, pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and management. We also discuss referral patterns to CR and participation rates and provide our experience with a case series of 17 patients. Very few patients with T2MI are referred to and participate in CR. Our small case series indicated that patients with T2MI respond favorably to CR and that exercise training following standard guidelines appears safe and is well tolerated.
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Smer et al. (2021) studied this question.
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