Metal-Covered Handset With Lte Mimo, Wi-Fi Mimo, and GPS Antennas

Current phones include more metal than earlier, which deteriorates the performance of antennas. This paper presents the first complete antenna set designed for a modern handset with a full metal back cover. 4G, Wi-Fi, and GPS antennas are integrated into the metallic side frame of the device in a realistic model. The designed antennas are either capacitive coupling elements with reactive loads or slot antennas. Fixed matching circuits are used to improve total efficiency. The passive implementation enables the use of carrier aggregation (CA) to increase the data rates, and includes also the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) operation for 4G and Wi-Fi. The designed antennas cover frequency bands 704–960 MHz, 1.56–1.61 GHz, 1.71–2.69 GHz, 2.4–2.484 GHz, and 5.15–5.875 GHz, producing in measurements a good agreement with simulation results.