Why the study?
Metabolic dysfunction in diabetes causes cardiovascular conditions associated with cardiac autonomic neuropathy, requiring discussion of cardiac innervation anatomy, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostics, and anatomical evidence.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the anatomical evidence and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cardiac autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.
Consolidates anatomical and mechanistic evidence on CAN in diabetes; leaves open translation to targeted therapies pending prospective trials.
The extensive innervations of the heart include a complex network of sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory nerves connected in loops that serve to regulate cardiac output. Metabolic dysfunction in diabetes affects many different organ systems, including the cardiovascular system; it causes cardiac arrhythmias, silent myocardial ischemia, and sudden cardiac death, among others. These conditions are associated with damage to the nerves that innervate the heart, cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN), which is caused by various pathophysiological mechanisms. In this review, the main facts about the anatomy of cardiac innervations and the current knowledge of CAN, its pathophysiological mechanisms, and its diagnostic approach are discussed. In addition, anatomical evidence for CAN from human and animal studies has been summarized.
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Filipović et al. (2022) studied this question.
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