Phospholamban is localized to the sarcoplasmic reticulum and outer nuclear envelopes in smooth muscle cells, suggesting a role in regulating cytoplasmic and intranuclear calcium levels.
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Hypothesis-generating for nuclear calcium regulation in smooth muscle; leaves open any clinical relevance pending functional validation.
Phospholamban, the putative regulator of the Ca2+-ATPase in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum, was immunolocalized in canine visceral and vascular smooth muscle. Gently disrupted tissues were labeled with an affinity-purified phospholamban polyclonal antibody and indirect immunogold, using preembedding techniques. The sarcoplasmic reticulum of smooth muscle cells was specifically labeled with patches of immunogold distributed in a nonuniform fashion, while the sarcolemma did not appear to contain any phospholamban. The outer nuclear envelopes were also observed to be heavily labeled with the affinity-purified phospholamban polyclonal antibody. These findings suggest that phospholamban may play a role in the regulation of cytoplasmic and intranuclear calcium levels in smooth muscle cells.
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Ferguson et al. (1988) studied this question.
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