Why the study?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus can lead to central nervous system complications including cognitive impairment, but the shared pathophysiological mechanisms and associated brain structural and functional changes require comprehensive review.
Early identification of brain changes using multimodal imaging in patients with T2DM and cognitive impairment may contribute to early prevention and treatment strategies.
Supports early brain imaging in T2DM-CI; leaves open prospective validation before clinical adoption.
Many studies have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can lead to various complications. In this review, we examine the central nervous system (CNS) symptoms it causes, focusing on cognitive impairment (CI). T2DM and CI share several biological mechanisms, and multimodal imaging techniques facilitate the identification of brain alterations in patients T2DM with cognitive impairment (T2DM-CI). This review specifically discusses the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of T2DM-CI and the associated changes in brain structure and function. We propose that early, sustained attention to CNS alterations in T2DM is crucial for developing effective prevention and management strategies. • T2DM and CI share several common biological mechanisms. • Multimodal imaging techniques help identify brain changes in T2DM-CI. • Early identification of brain changes in T2DM-CI contributes to early prevention and treatment.
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Wang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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