Research Progress on Comprehensive Management Strategies for Patients with Spinal Metastases

Spinal metastases are among the most common complications of advanced malignant tumors, significantly affecting patients' neurological function, quality of life, and survival time. This paper systematically outlines the epidemiological characteristics, pathophysiological mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of spinal metastases, with a particular focus on multidisciplinary comprehensive management strategies. These strategies include conservative treatment, surgical intervention, radiotherapy, targeted and immunotherapy, as well as rehabilitation and psychological support. The importance of individualized treatment and multidisciplinary collaboration in improving patient outcomes is emphasized, providing a systematic reference for clinical management.