Meta-Environment No19: The myelin sheath is an electrically insulating system that integrates neuronal conduction, cognitive function, and aging

The myelin sheath has long been regarded as a passive electrically insulating structure. However, modern research has revised this view: myelin is a dynamic, active, body-wide system formed by oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS. Not only does it provide saltatory conduction at speeds 50 to 100 times faster than in unmyelinated axons, but it is also actively involved in axonal metabolic support, neuroplasticity, learning, and cognitive function. Myelin is one of the most recently developing and most vulnerable to aging brain structures. The article substantiates that the myelin sheath is an active meta-medium No19 that meets all four criteria: ubiquity, functional integrity, communicative nature, intrinsic pathology. Particular attention is paid to myelin aging, an age-related degeneration characterized by the death of oligodendrocytes, thinning and loss of myelin segments, detritus accumulation, chronic inflammation, and impaired remyelination. Systemic restoration of the myelin sheath is presented in the Quatotron method through multimodal physical action aimed at reducing neuroinflammation, stimulating remyelination and restoring metabolic support of axons.