Information Isomorphism Epistemology: From the Factor Hierarchy Law to the Reconstruction of Knowability —How the Establishment of an Original Epistemological Operating System Renders Kant's "Thing-in-Itself" Unnecessary

This paper presents the establishment process of an original epistemological system—Information Isomorphism Epistemology—and its philosophical consequences for Kantian agnosticism. This system consists of four components, each with an independent origin and irreplaceable demonstrative function. The Law of Information Isomorphism reveals that in complex systems based on objective data and exhibiting regime switches, statistical structures carry information about regime structures—the Chow F achieves a globally unique maximum at the precise phase transition temperature, with deviation strictly zero in the analytic sense. The Factor Hierarchy Law reveals that any complex system is organized by a hierarchical structure of regime factors and execution factors—this is a cross-disciplinary, universal, formal meta-law of meta-laws that emerged from financial data and has been repeatedly verified across six completely independent disciplines. The Principle of Testability stipulates that any claim about factor importance in multi-factor systems must pass complete regime-dependence tests—claiming that "this factor is important" without specifying "under which regime" is an incomplete proposition. The Norms of Testability provide standardized testing procedures across six functional dimensions—functional dimensions remain relatively stable while implementation tools are replaceable. The four components, each independently originated, together constitute a complete epistemological system. The establishment of this system was not aimed at refuting agnosticism. Its starting point was a concrete methodological question. However, after its completion, a previously unforeseen philosophical consequence emerged: within the domain of scientific practice, the Law of Information Isomorphism replaces the function of the "thing-in-itself" as a specific explanatory item; the Principle of Testability blocks the retreat of "this is merely your subjective illusion"; the Norms of Testability provide a complete set of testing procedures and negative controls, making scientific practice equipped with this operating system no longer need to appeal to an unknowable "thing-in-itself" to guarantee its objectivity. The core argument of this paper can be summarized as "tool replacement"—not proving Kant wrong through philosophical debate, but using an original epistemological operating system to render the "thing-in-itself" no longer bearing any indispensable function in scientific practice.