Key result
Left atrial appendage occlusion showed a non-significant trend toward a lower composite of death, stroke, and major bleeding compared to NOAC.
Why the study?
The study aimed to evaluate the performance of NOAC in patients with previous stroke and non-valvular AF compared with LAAO in primary and secondary stroke prevention settings.
Does percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion reduce the composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, and major bleeding compared with long-term NOAC therapy in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation at high risk for stroke?
Cohort (n=240)
non-randomized
No
Does percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion reduce the composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, and major bleeding compared with long-term NOAC therapy in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation at high risk for stroke?
In high-risk non-valvular AF patients, percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion was associated with a non-significantly lower rate of death, stroke, and major bleeding compared to NOAC therapy over 13 months, supporting LAAO as a reasonable alternative in patients with high bleeding risk.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
LAAO may support use in select high-bleeding-risk AF; leaves open confirmation versus NOAC in randomized trials.
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation (NOAC) in patients with previous stroke and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in primary and secondary stroke prevention settings. This was a prospective, single-center, non-randomized cohort study of 302 consecutive patients with non-valvular AF and at high risk for stroke. Two treatment strategies were compared: LAAO (n=91) and long-term treatment with NOAC (n=149). The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of death, stroke and major bleeding. Propensity score and cause-of-death analyses were performed to compare outcomes. In a mean follow-up of 13 months, there were 30 deaths (LAAO 8.8% vs. NOAC 14.8%), five strokes (LAAO 1.1% vs. NOAC 2.7%) and six major bleeds (LAAO 1.1% vs. NOAC 3.4%). There was a non-significant trend for a lower incidence of the primary endpoint in the LAAO group (11.0% vs. 20.9%; HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-1.05, p=0.064). Considering only secondary prevention LAAO patients (34.1% of the LAAO group), there was also a non-significant lower incidence of the primary endpoint (LAAO 6.5% vs. 20.9%; HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.07-1.39, p=0.12). While about a fifth of LAAO patients stopped antiplatelet treatment six months after device implantation due to recurrent minor bleeding, no adverse cardiovascular event or major bleeding occurred in this subset of patients. In this registry-based study, LAAO was a reasonable alternative to NOAC for the prevention of a composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, stroke and major bleeding in patients at high risk for stroke. Este estudo pretende comparar o desempenho dos anticoagulantes orais não antagonistas da vitamina K (NOAC) em doentes com fibrilhação auricular (FA) não valvular e antecedente de acidente cerebrovascular (AVC) isquémico, em comparação com o encerramento de apêndice auricular esquerdo (AAE) de doentes em prevenção primária e secundária de AVC. Estudo unicêntrico, prospetivo, não randomizado, de coorte, constituído por uma amostra de 302 doentes com FA não valvular e elevado risco de AVC. Foram comparadas duas estratégias terapêutica: encerramento de AAE (n = 91) versus tratamento com NOAC (n = 149), através do modelo de propensity score. O desfecho primário era composto por morte, AVC e hemorragia major. O seguimento clínico médio foi de 13 meses, tendo ocorrido 30 mortes (AAE 8,8% versus NOAC 14,8%), 5 AVC (AAE 1,1% versus NOAC 2,7%) e seis hemorragias graves (AAE 1,1% versus NOAC 3,4%). A incidência do desfecho primário mostrou uma redução não significativa no grupo do dispositivo (11,0% versus 20,9%; HR 0,42, 95% CI 0,17-1,05, p = 0,064). Considerando apenas os doentes em prevenção secundária de AVC (34,1% do grupo de AAE), a incidência do desfecho primário mostrou uma redução não significativa (AAE 6,5% versus 20,9%; HR 0,30, 95% CI 0,07–1,39, p = 0,12). Nos cerca de 20% dos doentes submetidos ao encerramento do AAE que suspenderam a terapêutica antiplaquetária após seis meses da implantação do dispositivo por hemorragias minor, não houve eventos cardiovasculares ou hemorragias graves. Neste estudo, o encerramento de AAE não foi inferior aos NOAC para prevenção do desfecho primário composto por morte, AVC e hemorragia major.
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Paiva et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Non-valvular atrial fibrillation at high risk for stroke (n=240). Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) plus post-procedural antiplatelet therapy vs. Long-term non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation (NOAC) was evaluated on Composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal stroke, and major bleeding (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-1.05, p=0.064). Left atrial appendage occlusion showed a non-significant trend toward a lower composite of death, stroke, and major bleeding compared to NOAC.
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