Defining Coronary Flow Patterns: Comprehensive Automation of Transthoracic Doppler Coronary Blood Flow

Figures

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  Figure 1. (A) Example PW Doppler coronary flow pattern file exported from Vevo2100 software. Exported as is, these files contain the desired coronary Doppler window region as well as a time axis, a velocity axis, an ECG recording, a B-Mode window, and various study labels. (B) Full PW Doppler and ECG sequence parsed together from the single recording in A with non-pertinent information cropped out.

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  Figure 2. Flow chart of image processing techniques used on the Doppler CFP images.

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  Figure 3. (A) Parameters of coronary flow patterns over the course of one cardiac cycle overlaid on Doppler recording. (B) Example of a single coronary flow pattern cycle and its corresponding derivative. The velocity and acceleration points (black) were first identified. From there, the time intervals were measured (orange) and the average slopes were calculated (purple).

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  Figure 4. An ideal CFP paired with its corresponding ECG analyzed using the MATLAB program. The circles indicate where the program identified the velocity points. The numbers indicate the cycle count from the beginning of the sequence.

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  Figure 5. CFVR per animal comparing between the program analysis vs. the manual analysis. The overlaying percentages shows the percent difference between the two methods per animal.

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  Figure 6. Images of two separate PW Doppler CFP recordings. The complete and expected biphasic pattern is present in the top window compared to the bottom window where a portion of the biphasic pattern is shadowed.