Review uncovers diverse regulatory mechanisms of small nucleolar RNA host genes in thyroid cancer progression, highlighting their potential as molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) are a class of long non-coding RNAs that are widely aberrantly expressed in thyroid cancer and regulate tumor progression through the “SNHG–miRNA–signaling pathway” network. SNHG7 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis via the PI3K/Akt pathway and correlates with radioactive iodine resistance; SNHG15 accelerates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Hippo-YAP1 pathway; SNHG12 drives malignant phenotypes by interacting with Wnt/β-catenin signaling; SNHG14 enhances tumor invasion through multiple miRNA axes. In contrast, SNHG3 and SNHG5 exhibit tumor-suppressive effects in some studies. Overall, SNHGs may serve as molecular biomarkers and hold potential therapeutic target value. However, existing evidence is largely based on in vitro and small-sample studies, requiring further validation in clinical cohorts and functional models.
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Tingyu Yang (2025) studied this question.
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