Key result
Host proteins and miRNAs play an important role in regulating cytokine storms during RNA virus infections and offer potential therapeutic targets despite clinical translation challenges.
Why the study?
RNA viruses cause severe outbreaks and excessive mortality driven by cytokine storm, but the interplay of host proteins and miRNAs regulating these inflammatory pathways and their therapeutic potential require clarification.
This review highlights the interplay of host proteins and miRNAs in regulating cytokine storms during RNA virus infections and discusses their therapeutic potential.
Should not yet change practice; leaves open translational development of these host regulators as cytokine-storm therapies.
RNA viruses always have been a serious concern for human health by causing several outbreaks, often pandemics. The excessive mortality and deaths associated with the outbreaks caused by these viruses were due to the excessive induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to cytokine storm. Cytokines are important for cell-to-cell communication to maintain cell homeostasis. Disturbances of this homeostasis can lead to intricate chain reactions resulting in a massive release of cytokines. This could lead to a severe self-reinforcement of several feedback processes, which could eventually cause systemic harm, multiple organ failure, or death. Multiple inflammation-associated pathways were involved in the cytokine production and its regulation. Different RNA viruses induce these pathways through the interplay with their viral factors and host proteins and miRNAs regulating these pathways. This review will discuss the interplay of host proteins and miRNAs that can play an important role in the regulation of cytokine storm and the possible therapeutic potential of these molecules for the treatment and the challenges associated with the clinical translation.
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Chaudhary et al. (2023) conducted a review in RNA virus infection and cytokine storm. Host proteins and miRNAs play an important role in regulating cytokine storms during RNA virus infections and offer potential therapeutic targets despite clinical translation challenges.
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