The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Persistent Hyperparathyroidism in Post-Kidney Transplant Patients

Background: Persistent hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) remains a notable challenge among kidney transplant recipients due to its impact on calcium-phosphorus metabolism, potentially hindering recovery and long-term renal function. Understanding its prevalence and risk factors is vital for enhancing patient outcomes. Objective: To determine the prevalence and identify risk factors for persistent hyperparathyroidism in adult Filipino kidney transplant recipients at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A retrospective chart review was conducted for 80 kidney transplant recipients at Cardinal Santos Medical Center from January 1, 2014, to July 31, 2024. Data included demographics, comorbidities, medications, and laboratory profiles pre- and post-transplant. Results: Persistent hyperparathyroidism was found in 58.8% of patients. Their mean age was 55.3 years, and 53.8% were male. Hypertension was present in 76.3%, and 60% had diabetes mellitus. Diabetic kidney disease was the leading cause of renal failure (57.5%). Post-transplant use of vitamin D supplements and calcimimetics increased by 31.3% and 26.3%, respectively. Pre-transplant hyperparathyroidism was a key risk factor, with a prevalence of 26.3%. Conclusion: Regular monitoring and management of hyperparathyroidism are essential to improving long-term outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.