Design of a broadband HF antenna for multimode naval communications

This paper describes a multifunction HF-loaded antenna for broadband naval communications based on both groundwave and near vertical incidence skywaves. The antenna, denoted as bifolded monopole, is designed according to a new loading strategy which avoids the use of complicated external networks. Numerical simulations and measurements on a scaled prototype have shown that interesting capabilities are obtained by using just four or five loading circuits.