Key result
A comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan for women with type 1 diabetes was associated with a lower rate of severe adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to contemporaneous routine care (6.02% vs 25.00%; aOR 0.22; 95% CI 0.09-0.52).
Why the study?
To investigate the effect on pregnancy outcome of integrating a comprehensive management plan for patients with type 1 diabetes into the World Health Organization universal maternal care infrastructure.
Does a comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan reduce severe adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chinese pregnant women with type 1 diabetes?
Cohort (n=402)
Yes
Does a comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan reduce severe adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chinese pregnant women with type 1 diabetes?
Odds Ratio: 0.22 (95% CI 0.09–0.52)
Absolute Event Rate: 6.02% vs 25%
Implementation of a comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan significantly reduces severe adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes.
May support preconception care in type 1 diabetes; extends evidence to Chinese women but leaves open randomized confirmation.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect on pregnancy outcome of integrating a comprehensive management plan for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) into the World Health Organization universal maternal care infrastructure. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan for women with T1D was implemented in 11 centers from 8 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2017. Sequential eligible pregnant women (n = 133 out of 137 initially enrolled) with T1D and singleton pregnancies attending these management centers formed the prospective cohort. The main outcome was severe adverse pregnancy outcome comprising maternal mortality, neonatal death, congenital malformations, miscarriage in the second trimester, and stillbirth. We compared pregnancy outcomes in this prospective cohort with two control groups with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria: a retrospective cohort (n = 153) of all eligible pregnant women with T1D attending the same management centers from 2012 to 2014 and a comparison cohort (n = 116) of all eligible pregnant women with T1D receiving routine care from 2015 to 2017 in 11 different centers from 7 cities. RESULTS The rate of severe adverse pregnancy outcome was lower in the prospective cohort (6.02%) than in either the retrospective cohort (18.30%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.31 [95% CI 0.13–0.74]) or the contemporaneous comparison cohort (25.00%; aOR 0.22 [95% CI 0.09–0.52]). CONCLUSIONS The substantial improvements in the prospective cohort are evidence of a potentially clinically important effect of the comprehensive management plan on pregnancy outcomes among Chinese pregnant women with pregestational T1D. This supports the development of similar approaches in other countries.
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Zheng et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Type 1 diabetes in pregnancy (n=402). Comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan vs. Routine care (retrospective and contemporaneous cohorts) was evaluated on Severe adverse pregnancy outcome comprising maternal mortality, neonatal death, congenital malformations, miscarriage in the second trimester, and stillbirth (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09-0.52). A comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan for women with type 1 diabetes was associated with a lower rate of severe adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to contemporaneous routine care (6.02% vs 25.00%; aOR 0.22; 95% CI 0.09-0.52).
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