A DNA-based method (PCR-RFLP) has been developed for discrimination between Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for amplification of a 464 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene. Digestion of the products with endonucleases Nci I and Sau 3AI, followed by agarose gel electrophoresis of the digested products, yielded specific restriction profiles that enabled direct visual identification of the species analysed. This PCR-RFLP methodology allowed clear discrimination of Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout samples both in raw and smoked products.
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Carrera et al. (1999) studied this question.