Brain age gap as biomarker linking cardiovascular diseases genetic susceptibility and causality

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Overview of 3D-ViT Model (A) Overall neural network structure of the proposed 3D-ViT for brain age estimate. (B) Comparison of 3D-ViT model results.

• 

  Figure 2. Survival Analysis of CVDs by BAG (A) Violin plot of the distribution of survival times among patients with different cardiovascular diseases. (B and C) Forest plot of hazard ratios for various cardiovascular diseases by BAG groups. Data are presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

• 

  Figure 3. Overview of BAG GWAS Result (A) QQ plot of BAG GWAS. (B) Manhattan plot of BAG GWAS. (C) Regional association plot of genomic risk loci for BAG. (D) Gene annotation of associated SNPs from BAG GWAS. (E) Heatmap of expression levels of BAG associated genes across various tissues in GTEx v8 dataset.

• 

  Figure 4. Forest plot of forward and reverse MR analysis between BAG and CVDs (A) Results from the forward MR analysis (BAG→CVDs). (B) Results from the reverse MR analysis(CVDs→BAG). Data are presented as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

• 

  Figure 5. Overview of MR results between BAG and AMI (A and B) Scatterplot and funnel plot of instrumental variables (IVs) for forward MR between AMI and BAG. (C and D) Scatterplot and funnel plot of IVs for reverse MR between AMI and BAG.