Facile and economical exfoliation of graphite for mass production of high-quality graphene sheets

We simulate a micromechanical exfoliation process to design a simple but effective and low-cost strategy for mass production of high-quality graphene sheets by planetary milling with oxalic acid. The selective carboxylation enables oxalic acid molecules to adhere to the edge and defects of graphite like a Scotch tape and plays a crucial role in the non-destructive exfoliation.