Prevalence and pattern of hypertension among elderly in Osun state, Nigeria

Background: Hypertension is a major public health challenge worldwide. It is acknowledged as an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly among the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and pattern of hypertension among the elderly in Osun state, Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The study involved 425 respondents aged 60 years and above selected randomly in five local government areas in Osun state. The blood pressure was measured (using a standardized Accoson® type pneumatic mercury sphygmomanometer); weight and height of the respondents were checked and recorded in mmHg, Kg and meters respectively. Data were presented using descriptive statistics, charts and frequency distribution table. Statistical association between categorical variables was assessed using Chi-square method at 5% level of significance.Results: Prevalence of hypertension among elderly was 44.7%. Among other factors, respondents’ body mass index BMI was found significantly associated with hypertension, p=0.009. However, prevalence of hypertension was higher for respondents that were; rural dwellers, female, not living with spouse, without viable source of income and engaging in little or no physical activity compared to their counterparts. Respondent’s BMI and sex were also found to be statistically significantly associated, p=0.011.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension was high among the elderly in this study. Health interventions aimed at reducing the diseases should encourage increased physical activities and incorporate financial empowerment schemes particularly for elderly women in rural settings.