Why the study?
Stenosis obstructs normal flow and causes cardiovascular disorders, which become riskier due to arterial curvature, directly affecting blood flow by reducing velocity and increasing stenosis thickness.
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Mathematical modeling demonstrates that arterial curvature significantly reduces blood flow velocity and volumetric flow rate while increasing pressure drop and shear stress in stenotic arteries.
The formation of stenosis in the lumen obstructs the normal flow and causes disorders in the cardiovascular system, which becomes riskier due to the curvature of the artery. The curvature affects the blood flow system directly by reducing the velocity, which helps increase the thickness of the stenosis. In this article, the effect of curvature on the stenosed part of an artery is studied using the Navier-Stokes equation in cylindrical polar form. A new model is developed by incorporating a term in quadratic form to address the joint effect of stenosis and curvature upon flow parameters. This model equation with appropriate boundary conditions is solved to get analytical solutions for velocity, volumetric flow rate, pressure drop ratio, and shear stress ratio, and all the results are analyzed geometrically. The results show that when the curvature increases, the pressure drop ratio and shear stress ratio increase, while the velocity and volumetric flow rate decrease. Quantitative effect of the curvature on flow parameters is visualized which may help researchers in the related field.
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Gautam et al. (2025) studied this question.
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