90-Day Patient-Centered Outcomes after Totally Endoscopic Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Flowchart of patient recruitment and follow-up. Endo-CABG: endoscopic coronary artery bypass graft; Yil-AVR: endoscopic aortic valve replacement; TAVI: transcatheter aortic valve implantation; MVATS: mitral valve surgery through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

• 

  Figure 2. Different domains of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) and Euro Quality of Life (EQ-5D) questionnaires after totally endoscopic cardiac surgery. A physical component score (PCS; (A)) and metal component score (MCS; (B)) was calculated from the different domains of the SF-36. These included physical functioning (E), role limitations physical (F), pain (G), general health (H), role limitations emotional (I), emotional wellbeing (J), energy/fatigue (K) and social functioning (L). The EQ-5D is represented through the index value (C) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS; (D)). Data are shown as median and interquartile ranges. The reference line represents the mean of a reference population (ischemic heart disease in Belgium). Significance is indicated as * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.

• 

  Figure 3. Comparison of the physical and mental component score (PCS and MCS) between Endo-CABG and open CABG (A,B); Yil-AVR and TAVI (C,D); and combi and no combi (E,F). Data are shown as median and interquartile ranges. The reference line represents the mean of a reference population (ischemic heart disease in Belgium). Significance is indicated as * p < 0.05.