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August 15, 2026BMC Plant BiologyOpen Access

Bioherbicidal activity and putative mode of action of Dittrichia graveolens against Amaranthus palmeri and A. retroflexus

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Authors

MSMesut SırrıAKAhlam KhalofahYBYunus Başar

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Overview

In vitro laboratory study reveals dose-dependent weed suppression by Dittrichia graveolens aqueous extract in Amaranthus species, indicating potential as a natural bioherbicide.

Key Points

  • To assess the bioherbicidal activity, phytochemical composition, and potential enzymatic mode of action of Dittrichia graveolens aqueous extracts against Amaranthus palmeri and Amaranthus retroflexus.
  • Tested D. graveolens aqueous extracts at concentrations of 0%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100% on seed germination and seedling growth in controlled laboratory settings.
  • Identified and quantified chemical constituents using LC–MS/MS profiling and modeled species-specific dose–response relationships (IC50 and IC90).
  • Conducted molecular docking simulations between identified plant flavonoids/phenolics and key germination-related enzymes.
  • LC–MS/MS profiling identified a phenolic-rich extract dominated by quinic acid (23.472 mg g⁻¹), followed by fumaric acid, salicylic acid, protocatechuic acid, and piceid.
  • Extracts at 50% and 100% concentrations suppressed germination by over 95%, with A. retroflexus exhibiting higher sensitivity than A. palmeri across IC50 metrics for germination (16.4% vs 20.8%), root growth (11.4% vs 20.5%), and shoot growth (13.1% vs 27.8%).
  • Molecular docking predicted high binding affinity of luteolin and apigenin toward phytase, and amentoflavone toward catechol oxidase and β-glucanase.

Cite This Study

Sırrı et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8019ce75c2e31742c85ec8https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-026-09743-9
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Also Consider

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  1. 1Determining Allelopathic Potential of Anethum graveolens to Conrol Chenopodium album2025
  2. 2Studies on biology, ecology and control of Amaranthus retroflexus populations from Türkiye2025
  3. 3Secondary metabolites in Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. leaf extracts inhibit Amaranthus viridis L. germination, growth, and PSII photochemistry through oxidative stress2026
  4. 4Allelopathic Effect of Some Weeds on Germination of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Seeds2026
  5. 5Under controlled conditions, lower concentrations of aqueous extracts of Acroptilon repens are needed to inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of weeds than crops2026