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M. P. Austin, L. F. M. Fresco, A. O. Nicholls, R. H. Groves, P. E. Kaye, Competition and Relative Yield: Estimation and Interpretation at Different Densities and Under Various Nutrient Concentrations Using Silybum Marianum and Cirsium Vulgare, Journal of Ecology, Vol. 76, No. 1 (Mar., 1988), pp. 157-171
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Austin et al. (1988) studied this question.
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