Design and Experiment of Oblique Stubble-Cutting Side-Throwing Anti-Blocking Device for No-Tillage Seeder

Aiming at the problem of the wheat straw and stubble of the previous crop blocking the opener during the operation of the summer peanut no-tillage seeder under straw incorporation modes, an oblique stubble-cutting and side-throwing anti-blocking device that can simultaneously cut the stubble and throw the straw was designed. The structure and working principle of the device were clarified, and the key structure of the anti-blocking device was designed through theoretical analysis. According to the kinematics analysis of the rotary blade cutting and throwing of the root–soil composite, the key factors affecting the operation quality of the device and the range of values were determined. The quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design test was carried out with the motion inclination angle, bending angle, and advancing velocity as the test factors, and the straw clearance rate, stubble-cutting rate, and operation power consumption as the indexes. The discrete element simulation test was carried out in EDEM. The significance test of the test results was carried out in Design-Expert, and the influence of each factor on the test index and the interaction between the factors were determined. Then the regression model was optimized by multi-objective function, and the optimal parameter combination was obtained as follows: The motion inclination angle was 22°, the bending angle was 58°, and the advance velocity was 7.7 km/h. At this time, the straw clearance rate of the seedling belt was 92.55%, the root stubble-cutting rate was 95%, and the operation power consumption was 1.80 kW. The field test shows that the machine had good passing capacity, the straw clearance rate of the seedling belt was 91.04%, the root stubble-cutting rate was 92.98%, and the operation power consumption of the single group of stubble cutting device was 1.92 kW. The difference between the field test results and the simulation test was less than 6%, which met the local agronomic requirements and proved that the anti-blocking device had good operation quality.