Experimental study of inverted L-, T-, and related transmission-line antennas

An ex perimental study is ma de of inverted L-, T-, and related t rans mis io n-lin e a n te n nas a n d of a ll tennas wit h t wo-, t hree-, a nd four-element top loads. The a ppare nt meas ured impedance is corrected for end e ffect s; the a pprox imate t heoretical impedances are cal cLl~ lated for ve ry small heig llts for which m easured values cannot be obtained readily. The tra ns mi ss ion-line a ntennas stud ied a re s h u nt -driven wit h one open a nd o ne closed enc! or wi t h two closed ends.